Pain & Vascular Institute • (224) 357-4001
Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) occur when one or more bones in the spine (vertebrae) collapse or break. These fractures are often painful and can lead to changes in posture, loss of height, and reduced mobility. They are most commonly caused by osteoporosis, but may also result from trauma or cancer-related bone weakness.
Causes
- Osteoporosis – weakened bones are more likely to fracture from minor stress or injury
- Trauma – accidents, falls, or sports injuries
- Cancer – metastatic disease that weakens spinal bones
- Long-term corticosteroid use – contributes to bone loss
Symptoms
- Sudden onset of back pain
- Pain that worsens with standing or walking
- Loss of height over time
- Stooped or hunched posture (kyphosis)
- Limited spinal mobility
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of a vertebral compression fracture involves a physical exam and imaging studies such as a CT and/or MRI to better characterize the fracture and evaluate for inflammation within the bone suggesting a painful /non-healed fracture.
Treatment Options
Treatment for vertebral compression fractures depends on the severity of the fracture, symptoms, and underlying cause. Most fractures can improve with non-surgical treatments; however, some may require minimally invasive treatments to stabilize the fracture to reduce pain and improve function. Treatment options include the following:
- Activity modification and short-term rest
- Back bracing – to support the spine while healing
- Medications
- Osteoporosis management – bone strengthening medications and activity modification
- Minimally invasive procedures – kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty for persistent pain
Prevention
To reduce the risk of vertebral compression fractures, it’s important to maintain good bone health through adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular weight-bearing exercise, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol use, and following your doctor’s recommendations for osteoporosis management.
We Are Here To Help
If you suspect you may have a vertebral compression fracture, call Pain & Vascular Institute at (224) 357-4001 or request an appointment online. Early diagnosis and treatment can help relieve pain and prevent complications.
